Abnormal ECG Rhythms – Interpretation Reference Card

Two-sided ECG rhythm reference card summarising common abnormal rhythms with key features and visual examples. Includes:

• Atrioventricular blocks
• Atrial arrhythmias
• Supraventricular tachycardias
• Ventricular ectopics
• Long QT patterns

Front side outlines conduction blocks and atrial rhythms, including:

• 1st degree AV block
  • PR interval >0.20 seconds
• 2nd degree Mobitz I
  • Progressively lengthening PR interval followed by a dropped QRS
• 2nd degree Mobitz II
  • Dropped QRS complex following a P wave
• 3rd degree (complete heart block)
  • No relationship between P waves and QRS complexes
• Atrial fibrillation
  • Irregular rhythm
  • No visible P wavesAbnormal isoelectric baseline
• Atrial flutter
  • Saw-tooth atrial pattern
  • Atrial rate 200–400 bpm
  • Classed as an SVT
• Sinus bradycardia
  • Heart rate <60 bpm
  • Absolute bradycardia <40 bpm

Reverse side outlines tachycardias, long QT, and ectopic beats, including:

• Sinus tachycardia
  • Heart rate >100 bpm
  • Slightly variable R–R
• Re-entrant tachycardia
  • Rate 140–280 bpm
  • Narrow QRS
  • Non-variable rhythm
• Broad complex tachycardia
  • QRS >0.12 seconds
  • Rate >100 bpm
  • Wide, bizarre morphology
  • Loss of baseline
• Long QT syndrome
  • QT interval >0.44 seconds (males)
  • QT interval >0.46 seconds (females)
• PAC (atrial ectopic)
  • Abnormal P waves
  • Longer R–R interval
• PJC (junctional ectopic)
  • No preceding P wave
  • Pause after QRS
  • Narrow QRS
• PVC (ventricular ectopic)
  • Wide, abnormal QRS
  • Longer compensatory pause
  • Different morphologies shown

Designed as a study and revision aid for students and clinicians learning ECG rhythm interpretation.

Pocket-sized 86 × 54 mm laminated card with a durable elongated slot for lanyards, badge reels, or ID holders.

High-quality print, fully encapsulated in transparent laminate for everyday use.

For educational and reference use only.